The following acts are to be avoided in Saläh-call:
- to sing and melodise the azan in a way that leads to changes of the words (similarly to reading the Qur’an)
- as for the beautification of your voice that is something that is required
- if the meaning is changed it is considered invalid, as if you have not given the azan (makruh in the Hanafi school but still valid but is commendable to repeat)
- common mistake, ashhadu ‘anna’ lailaha illallah, should be ‘alla’
- Saläh-call Saläh-start-call by a person not in a state of minor ritual impurity (minor hadath)
- Saläh-call by a person in a state of major ritual impurity (janaba)
- Saläh-call by a non-discerning child (before 6-7)
- Saläh-call by an insane (majnun) person
- Saläh-call by an inebriated (sakaran - intoxicated or drunk) person
- Saläh-call by a woman
- Hanfi - for the women, undesirable (makhru) so they just start with Allahu akbar
- Shafi and Maliki - if they are praying alone then it is commendable
- Saläh-call by a habitual sinner (fasiq - legally corrupt or immoral person)
- Saläh-call by a sitting person (unless for himself when alone, but iqama is undesirable when sitting down even when alone)
- Talking by the caller in the midst of a Saläh-call or a Saläh-start-call
- If the caller talks (more than two words) in the midst of a Saläh-call, it is desirable for him to repeat the Saläh-call.
- If he talks in the midst of a Saläh-start-call, he should not repeat the Saläh-start-call.
- Saläh-call and Saläh-start-call for Zuhr on a Friday in a city
- for example for the one who has missed jumua and is praying zuhr they do not need to pronounce the azan or iqamah
Rulings when one missed more than one salah
If a person has missed more than one Saläh and is late-performing them, he should say azan and iqamah for the first Saläh. Then for the remaining Salähs, he has the option of saying both Saläh- call and Saläh-start-call or saying only Saläh-start-call.